生物多样性 2008, 16 (2): 166–174 d oi: 10.3724/SP.J.1003.2008.07093 Biodiversity Science http: //http://www.doczj.com/doc/1f4b466db84ae45c3b358c5a.html

—————————————————— 收稿日期: 2007-05-26; 接受日期: 2007-09-19

基金项目: 中国科学院知识创新项目(KSCX2-YW-N-48-02)和长沙市科技重点项目(K070514-11) * 通讯作者 Author for correspondence. E-mail: xiaorl@http://www.doczj.com/doc/1f4b466db84ae45c3b358c5a.html

稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对丘陵茶园

土壤微生物群落功能的影响

徐华勤1, 2 肖润林1* 宋同清1 罗 文2 任 全2 黄 瑶1

1 (中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 长沙 410125)

2 (湖南农业大学农学院, 长沙 410128)

摘要: 不同的土壤管理方式对土壤的质量有重要影响, 而土壤微生物群落功能多样性是反映土壤质量变化的重要指标之一。本研究旨在利用Biolog 微孔板鉴定系统研究不同培肥措施下茶园土壤微生物群落功能多样性的变化。比较6种处理的结果发现, 与NPK 肥＋清耕(CK)相比, 平均吸光值(average well color development, AWCD )的变化速度(斜率)和最大值顺序为: 饼肥＋PK+间作三叶草>NPK 肥＋稻草覆盖>饼肥＋PK+稻草覆盖>饼肥＋PK+清耕>NPK 肥＋间作三叶草>CK 。可见间作三叶草与稻草覆盖不同程度地提高了微生物整体活性和丰富度, 其中饼肥＋PK+间作三叶草处理处理效果最好。分析多样性指数发现, 虽然稻草覆盖与间作三叶草对土壤常见微生物种类影响并不大, 但微生物群落均匀度有所降低。对碳源利用主成分起分异作用的主要是糖类和羧酸类物质。 关键词: 丘陵茶园, Biolog, 土壤微生物群落, 功能多样性

Effects of mulching and intercropping on the functional diversity of soil

microbial communities in tea plantations

Huaqin Xu 1,2, Runlin Xiao 1*, Tongqing Song 1, Wen Luo 2, Quan Ren 2 , Yao Huang 1

1 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125

2 Agricultural College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128

Abstract: Soil management techniques such as mulching and intercropping have important effects on soil quality, and soil microbes are sensitive indicators of soil quality. We investigated the effects of fertilizer treatments on the functional diversity of soil microbial communities in tea plantations using the Biolog tech-nique. Six treatments were designed, and the change rates of AWCD (average well color development, slope) ranked as follows: caky fertilizer + intercropping with white clover>NPK fertilizer + straw mulching>caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+straw mulching>caky fertilizer+PK fertilizer+tillage>NPK fertilizer+intercropping with white clover>NPK fertilizer+tillage, indicating that intercropping and organic matter (caky) fertilizer improved the abundance and diversity of soil microbes to a certain extent. Biodiversity indices showed that neither straw mulching nor intercropping with white clover influenced microorganism species composition, but decreased the evenness of microbial communities. Our results also showed that both carbohydrate and carboxylic acid played important roles in the differentiation of carbon sources.

Key words: hilly tea plantations, Biolog, soil microbial community, functional diversity

亚热带丘陵地区茶园土壤以含氮量低、有机质少的红壤为主, 大量施用化肥虽然能暂时改善土壤养分状况, 提高茶叶产量, 但是会造成土壤退化。

怎样通过生态调控措施真正实现茶叶安全高效生产和可持续发展, 是目前大家所关注的问题。宋同清等(2006)和肖润林等(2005, 2006)发现间种三叶草